In this chapter, we review some recent studies concerning heterogeneous catalysis based on nanocrystals of varied shapes that hold new promises for a wide range of reactions. Although conventionally micro- and nano-particles of nearly spherical (or irregularly) shaped materials have been used as catalysts for years, only the last few decades of extensive surface characterization of nano-catalyst surfaces (via high-resolution electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, various surface spectroscopy techniques and surface reconstruction techniques) has helped to understand the reasons behind specific reactivity, selectivity and reaction pathways on different crystal facets of various catalyst materials in a wide range of chemical reactions. Here we note that despite the shape dependence of nanocatalysts is not fully understood and often debated, the recent studies have started to draw clear correlations …