In this paper, an unprecedented inspection of the effects of thermal aging on swelling and wettability of PDMS as a function of the interplay between temperature (from 100 to 180 °C) and duration (from 20 min to 24 h) of the treatment is presented. Dichloromethane was used as sample swelling solvent and the swollen weight was measured by a method properly designed to avoid underestimation related to the volatility of the solvent.This study: i) provides practical guidelines for performing optimal thermal aging treatments of PDMS against swelling (for example, in microfluidic platforms to synthesize cancer tracers), and ii) contributes to the fundamental understanding of the swelling process of soft matter systems. An interpretative model has been developed of the observed swelling regimes based on heating-promoted crosslinking and chain reorganization (inter-chain mobility) at short-lasting heating timescales …